The world has never faced a harsher stress test of energy transition to Net Zero while securing the energy supplies needed to sustain a global economy. Hydrocarbons pervade every aspect of life, from fuels to plastic to food to pharmaceuticals. How quickly can global demand shift? How will energy investment and supply emerge to meet these challenges? How can governments make partners of industrial sectors that hold critical technical knowledge and operational capacity? What will be the social impacts? Energy ministers stand at the center of guiding and implementing this quest for security and transition along a path to net zero.